If you'll be cooking over a campfire, prepare a fire and let it burn down to hot coals.
In a large mixing bowl, whisk the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt together.
In a large measuring cup, whisk the eggs, 1 cup buttermilk, and vanilla, if using.
Pour the wet ingredients into the dry, and mix until combined. Don't overbeat the mixture; a few lumps in your batter is ok. The batter should be thick but pourable. Drizzle in extra buttermilk, 1 to 2 tablespoons at a time if the batter is dry or too thick to pour.
Heat a large cast iron skillet or griddle over medium heat. You can do this on your camp stove, grill, or over hot coals.
Melt 1 tablespoon butter in the skillet. Add ¼-cup scoops of pancake batter to the skillet.
Let the pancakes cook until bubbles begin to form on the top of each pancake, about 4 minutes. Flip and cook until set, about 2 minutes more. Transfer the pancakes to a plate.
Repeat with the remaining batter, adding a little more butter to the skillet each time.
Serve the pancakes warm, drizzled with maple syrup.